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Serum/plasma protein electrophoresis with quantitative assessment of albumin and globulin fractions

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood, including albumin and various globulin proteins, which help identify imbalances that may signal conditions like liver disease, kidney problems, or infections.

Quick summary

["This test helps doctors check protein levels and identify potential health concerns in your blood."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
83982-9
Short code
SW Trnsplt cand eval nte
Synonyms
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Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
social-worker
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Proteins Does This Test Measure?

Protein electrophoresis separates blood proteins into distinct bands based on their size and electrical charge. Key components include albumin, alpha, beta, and gamma globulins. Albumin helps maintain fluid balance, while globulins include antibodies and other proteins that support immune function and transport substances in the blood.

Why Might You Need This Test?

Your doctor may order this test to investigate symptoms like swelling, fatigue, frequent infections, or unexplained weight changes. It can also help diagnose conditions such as multiple myeloma, liver disease, or kidney disorders by revealing abnormal protein patterns.

How Is the Test Performed?

A small blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The sample is then processed and analyzed in a lab to separate proteins and measure their concentrations.

What Are Common Results?

Results may show elevated or low levels of specific proteins, which can indicate underlying health issues. For example, high gamma globulins might suggest immune system disorders, while low albumin could point to liver or kidney disease.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Protein Electrophoresis (Serum/Plasma)

Frequently asked questions

What could abnormal results mean?
Abnormal protein patterns can signal conditions like chronic liver disease, kidney disease, infections, or autoimmune disorders. For instance, a high globulin level might indicate an overactive immune response, while low albumin could suggest poor liver function or fluid retention.
How often should I get this test?
Your doctor will determine the frequency based on your health status, symptoms, or ongoing conditions. Regular monitoring may be needed if you have a chronic illness like liver disease or kidney problems.
Can I prepare for this test?
No special preparation is usually needed, but avoid heavy meals 2 hours before the test. If you’re on blood thinners, let your doctor know before the procedure.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy