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Total bilirubin (serum)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the total amount of bilirubin in your blood. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment produced when red blood cells break down.

Quick summary

["Bilirubin helps your body remove waste and supports liver function."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
75017-4
Short code
t(ABL1,BCR)e19a2 Mar Ql
Synonyms
t(ABL1,BCR)e19a2 Mar Ql
Category
coagulation
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
molgen
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why Is This Test Done?

Your healthcare provider may order this test to check for liver disease, bile duct blockages, or conditions that affect how your body processes bilirubin, such as hemolytic anemia or jaundice. It can also help diagnose or monitor certain genetic disorders or reactions to medications.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is usually needed. You may be asked to fast for 8–12 hours before the test if it’s part of a liver function panel, but confirm with your provider. Bring any medications you’re taking, as some may affect results.

How the Test Is Done

A blood sample is taken from a vein in your arm by a healthcare professional. The sample is sent to a lab for analysis using a method called **turbidimetry**, which measures how much light is blocked by bilirubin in the serum.

What the Results Mean

Higher-than-normal bilirubin levels may indicate liver problems, red blood cell breakdown, or other conditions. Lower levels might suggest liver disease or certain genetic disorders. Your provider will interpret results in relation to your symptoms and overall health.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Total Bilirubin

Frequently asked questions

How often will I need this test?
This test may be done once or repeatedly depending on your symptoms, medical history, or treatment plan. Your provider will schedule follow-up tests if needed, such as every few weeks or months for chronic conditions.
What causes elevated bilirubin levels?
Elevated bilirubin can result from liver disease (e.g., hepatitis), bile duct blockages, hemolytic anemia (rapid red blood cell destruction), or certain medications. Jaundice (yellowing of skin/eyes) is a common sign of high bilirubin.
Can diet affect bilirubin test results?
Diet alone typically does not affect bilirubin levels, but certain foods (e.g., high-fiber or cruciferous vegetables) may indirectly influence liver function. Avoiding alcohol or medications that strain the liver before testing is recommended.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy