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Total Bilirubin (Serum)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the amount of bilirubin in your blood, a yellow pigment produced when red blood cells break down. It helps assess liver function and detect conditions like jaundice or bile duct blockages.

Quick summary

["Bilirubin helps diagnose liver issues and bile flow problems by tracking how your body processes red blood cell waste."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
109049-7
Short code
T canis IgA Msmt Ser
Synonyms
T canis IgA Msmt Ser
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
CPT
82784
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why It Matters in Your Health

Bilirubin is a normal byproduct of red blood cell breakdown. When your liver processes it, it either gets excreted through bile (into the intestines) or recycled back into the bloodstream. Abnormal levels can signal problems like liver disease, gallbladder issues, or blood disorders.

How the Test Works

Your blood sample is tested to measure bilirubin concentration. The method may involve chemical reactions or specialized instruments to detect its presence and quantify it accurately.

Common Causes of Abnormal Results

High bilirubin (hyperbilirubinemia) may occur due to liver disease, hemolysis (red blood cell destruction), or bile duct obstructions. Low levels are less common but could indicate liver dysfunction or certain genetic conditions.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed, but you may be asked to fast for 8–12 hours before the test if your doctor specifies it. Wear comfortable clothing for the blood draw, and bring any medications or supplements you’re currently taking.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Bilirubin Level

Frequently asked questions

Could my bilirubin level affect my medications?
Yes, high bilirubin may interact with certain medications, especially those metabolized by the liver. Always inform your healthcare provider about all medications, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements, to avoid potential risks.
Will I need follow-up tests if my bilirubin is abnormal?
If your bilirubin is elevated, your doctor may order additional tests, such as liver function tests (e.g., ALT, AST) or imaging studies (e.g., ultrasound) to identify the underlying cause. Follow-up may also include monitoring for symptoms like jaundice (yellowing skin/eyes) or fatigue.
What should I do if I notice yellowing of my skin or eyes?
Contact your healthcare provider immediately if you experience jaundice, as it may signal a serious condition like liver disease, gallbladder issues, or hemolytic anemia. Early diagnosis and treatment can improve outcomes.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy