T-cell and B-cell subset analysis (peripheral blood)

Why This Test Is Done

Doctors may order this test to evaluate your immune system’s health, especially if you have symptoms like frequent infections, unexplained fatigue, or autoimmune conditions. It can also be used before or after treatments that affect the immune system, such as chemotherapy or certain medications.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. You’ll have a small needle inserted into a vein (usually in your arm) to draw a blood sample. The process takes a few minutes, and you may feel a slight pinch or discomfort, but it’s generally quick and not painful.

What the Results Mean

The results show the percentage of T-cells (including helper T-cells, cytotoxic T-cells, and regulatory T-cells) and B-cells in your blood. Abnormal levels may indicate immune deficiencies, overactivity, or other health concerns.

Common Conditions Monitored

This test is often used to diagnose or monitor conditions like HIV/AIDS, certain leukemias, autoimmune diseases (e.g., lupus, rheumatoid arthritis), or immune deficiencies (e.g., severe combined immunodeficiency). It may also help guide treatment decisions for transplant patients or those receiving immunosuppressive therapy.