Skip to content

Total Serum/Plasma Bilirubin (with or without direct fraction separation)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the total amount of bilirubin in your blood, a yellow pigment produced when your body breaks down old red blood cells. Bilirubin can build up if your liver isn’t processing it properly.

Quick summary

["Bilirubin helps diagnose liver disease, bile duct blockages, or hemolysis (red blood cell destruction)."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
99117-4
Short code
TOSV NAb Titr Spec Nt
Synonyms
TOSV NAb Titr Spec Nt
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
neut
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Your doctor may order this test if you have symptoms like jaundice (yellowing of skin/eyes), dark urine, fatigue, or unexplained liver issues. It can also be part of routine checks for conditions like hemolytic anemia or liver disease.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. You may have a simple blood draw, and results are often available within 24–48 hours. If you’re on certain medications (e.g., some antibiotics), let your doctor know.

How the Test Works

Blood is drawn and analyzed to measure bilirubin levels. The test may separate bilirubin into direct (conjugated) and indirect (unconjugated) fractions, depending on the lab’s method.

Possible Results and Interpretation

Higher than normal levels may indicate liver problems, bile duct blockages, or red blood cell breakdown. Lower levels are less common but could signal liver disease or certain genetic conditions.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Elevated bilirubin is often a red flag for conditions like hepatitis, cirrhosis, or gallstones. It can also signal hemolytic anemia or Gilbert’s syndrome (a mild genetic disorder). Low levels are rare but may reflect liver dysfunction or severe blood loss.

Short name

Bilirubin Test

Frequently asked questions

What causes elevated bilirubin?
Elevated bilirubin can result from liver disease (e.g., hepatitis), bile duct obstructions (e.g., gallstones), or rapid red blood cell destruction (e.g., anemia). Your doctor will consider your symptoms and other test results.
How long does it take to get results?
Results are typically ready within 24–48 hours, but timing depends on your lab’s workflow. Follow-up may be needed if results are abnormal.
Can I eat or drink before this test?
No fasting is required for this blood test. However, if your doctor specifies dietary restrictions (e.g., for other tests), follow their advice.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy