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Total Bilirubin (Serum)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the total amount of bilirubin in your blood, a yellow pigment produced when red blood cells break down. Bilirubin helps the liver process waste products and is excreted through bile.

Quick summary

["Bilirubin helps identify liver function and bile flow issues."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
94862-0
Short code
TTR 2 Bld Qn
Synonyms
TTR 2 Bld Qn
Category
chemistry
Sample
whole-blood
Container
Lavender-top (EDTA)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
3 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h
Hemolysis max
0
Lipemia max
0
Icterus max
0
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Matters

Bilirubin is a normal byproduct of red blood cell breakdown. High levels can signal problems like liver disease, gallbladder issues, or hemolytic anemia, while low levels may indicate liver dysfunction or bile duct blockage. Your doctor may order this test to check for conditions like jaundice, hepatitis, or bile duct stones.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed for this blood test. You may have a small needle inserted into your arm to draw a blood sample. If you’re on blood thinners, let your doctor know before the test.

Common Conditions Monitored

This test is often used to diagnose or monitor conditions like jaundice (yellowing of skin/eyes), liver diseases (e.g., hepatitis, cirrhosis), or bile duct obstructions. It may also help assess red blood cell breakdown disorders.

What the Results Mean

Results are typically reported in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL). Elevated levels may indicate liver or bile duct problems, while very low levels could suggest liver disease or other metabolic issues. Your doctor will interpret results in the context of your overall health.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance: Bilirubin’s Role in Health

Short name

Total Bilirubin

Frequently asked questions

How often do I need this test?
Your doctor will determine frequency based on your symptoms, medical history, or ongoing conditions. Some people get it once yearly for routine checkups, while others may need it more often if they have liver issues or other risk factors.
What causes high bilirubin levels?
High bilirubin can result from liver problems (e.g., hepatitis, cirrhosis), bile duct blockages (e.g., gallstones), or conditions that destroy red blood cells faster than the liver can process them (e.g., hemolytic anemia). Lifestyle factors like alcohol use or certain medications may also play a role.
Can I eat or drink before this test?
You can eat and drink normally before the test, as it’s a simple blood draw with no dietary restrictions. However, if your doctor has specific instructions (e.g., fasting for other tests), follow those instead.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy