Serum Protein Electrophoresis with Bromocresol Purple Staining for Quantitative Analysis of Protein Fractions

What This Test Measures

The test separates blood proteins into distinct bands (albumin, alpha-globulins, beta-globulins, and gamma-globulins) using electrophoresis. Bromocresol purple binds to proteins, allowing precise measurement of each fraction’s concentration. This helps identify conditions like multiple myeloma, nephrotic syndrome, or chronic liver disease by detecting unusual protein patterns.

Why It’s Done

Your healthcare provider may order this test if you have symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, swelling, or if tests suggest abnormal protein levels. It’s also used to monitor conditions like kidney disease or autoimmune disorders.

Common Conditions Monitored

Abnormal results may indicate conditions such as monoclonal gammopathy (e.g., multiple myeloma), liver disease, or severe kidney problems. Low albumin could signal malnutrition or liver dysfunction, while unusual globulin bands may point to immune system issues.

Sample Preparation

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, typically in the arm. The serum (liquid part after clotting) is then analyzed in a lab using electrophoresis with bromocresol purple staining to visualize and quantify protein fractions.