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Very Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, Serum/Plasma — Substance Concentration

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

Measures VLDL cholesterol in blood. VLDL carries triglycerides to the body and may help assess cardiovascular risk.

Quick summary

["Higher VLDL cholesterol can contribute to increased cardiovascular risk, especially when triglycerides are also elevated."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
25371-6
Short code
VLDLc SerPl-sCnc
Synonyms
VLDLc SerPl-sCnc
Category
lipid
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Ref low
0
Ref high
100
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
CPT
83721
SNOMED
113079007
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What is this test?

This blood test measures very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol. VLDL is a cholesterol-carrying particle made mainly in the liver that transports triglycerides through the bloodstream.

Why might I need this test?

VLDL cholesterol may be included as part of a cholesterol risk assessment, particularly when triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, or HDL cholesterol are being evaluated. It can help provide context for overall cardiovascular risk and whether treatment or lifestyle changes may be appropriate.

How is the test performed?

A blood sample is drawn from a vein and analyzed in a laboratory. VLDL is often calculated using the results of the total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride tests, although some laboratories use a direct measurement.

How do I prepare for the test?

Follow your clinician's instructions about fasting. The test is often ordered with a lipid panel, and fasting for about 9 to 12 hours may be recommended. Drinking water is generally allowed, but confirm the preparation requirements before the blood draw.

Reference range

Optimal: <100 mg/dLN/A

Specimen: serum

Fasting for 12-14 hours preferred. Water is permitted. Avoid alcohol for 24 hours before the test.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

VLDL cholesterol

Frequently asked questions

What does VLDL cholesterol measure?
It measures the amount of cholesterol carried by very low-density lipoprotein particles in the blood. These particles mainly transport triglycerides to the body's tissues.
Is VLDL cholesterol the same as LDL cholesterol?
No. VLDL and LDL are different types of cholesterol-carrying particles. VLDL mainly carries triglycerides, while LDL is the form most closely associated with cholesterol buildup in arteries.
What can cause high VLDL cholesterol?
Common contributors include high triglycerides, excess calories, obesity, insulin resistance or diabetes, and certain genetic conditions. Your clinician can review these factors along with your other cholesterol results.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy