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Serum or Plasma Free Light Chain Kappa (Immunoassay)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the amount of free kappa light chains (a component of antibodies) in your blood, which can help diagnose conditions like multiple myeloma or other blood disorders.

Quick summary

["Free light chains help detect hidden blood cancers or immune system issues."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
89589-6
Short code
VZV Ag CSF Ql IF
Synonyms
VZV Ag CSF Ql IF
Category
chemistry
Sample
csf
Container
Sterile tube
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
if
Specimen volume
1-2 mL
Stability
Immediate analysis required, Refrigerated: 1h
Hemolysis max
200
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Your healthcare provider may order this test if you have symptoms like unexplained fatigue, frequent infections, or kidney problems. It’s also used to monitor conditions like multiple myeloma, lymphoma, or other blood disorders where abnormal antibody production occurs.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. You may have a small needle inserted into a vein (usually in your arm) to draw blood. If you’re on blood thinners, let your provider know before the test.

What the Results Mean

Abnormal levels of free kappa light chains can indicate conditions affecting your immune system or blood cells. High levels may suggest multiple myeloma or other cancers, while low levels could be normal or related to certain medications.

Common Conditions Monitored

This test helps diagnose and track multiple myeloma, lymphoma, or other blood disorders where antibody fragments (light chains) may appear in excess or be missing.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Free Kappa Light Chain

Frequently asked questions

What causes abnormal free kappa light chain levels?
Abnormal levels are most commonly linked to multiple myeloma, lymphoma, or other blood cancers. They can also appear in people with kidney disease or certain autoimmune conditions, though this is less common.
How often should this test be repeated?
Your provider will determine how often to repeat this test based on your diagnosis and treatment plan. For example, myeloma patients may have follow-up tests every few months.
Can diet or supplements affect this test?
No dietary restrictions are typically required, but certain medications (like chemotherapy or steroids) may influence results. Always discuss your medications with your provider before testing.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy