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Total Protein in Serum

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the amount of protein found in your blood serum, which includes important substances like albumin and globulins that help maintain fluid balance, support immune function, and transport nutrients.

Quick summary

["Your blood protein levels can indicate overall health, hydration status, or potential issues like liver disease or kidney problems."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
21597-0
Short code
VZV IgM Ser Ql
Synonyms
VZV IgM Ser Ql
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
CPT
82784
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why Is This Test Done?

Doctors may order a total protein test to check for conditions affecting protein production, such as liver disease (e.g., cirrhosis), kidney disease, malnutrition, or certain immune disorders. It can also help assess hydration status or diagnose conditions like multiple myeloma or autoimmune diseases.

What Does the Result Mean?

Results are not provided with specific reference ranges, as they can vary based on factors like age, health status, and lab methods. Abnormally low levels may suggest malnutrition, liver/kidney disease, or excessive fluid loss, while very high levels could indicate conditions like multiple myeloma or severe dehydration.

Common Conditions Monitored

This test is often used alongside other blood tests to monitor chronic conditions like kidney disease, liver disease, or to evaluate symptoms such as swelling (edema), unexplained weight loss, or fatigue.

How Is the Test Done?

A blood sample is drawn from a vein in your arm. The blood is then separated into serum (the liquid part after clotting) for testing. The test measures the total amount of protein in this serum.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

Total Protein

Frequently asked questions

What Are Possible Causes of Abnormal Results?
Low protein levels may result from liver disease (reducing albumin production), kidney disease (losing protein in urine), malnutrition, or excessive protein loss due to conditions like inflammatory bowel disease. High protein levels can occur in multiple myeloma, severe dehydration, or certain infections.
How Often Is This Test Done?
The frequency depends on your health condition. Some patients may have this test as part of routine check-ups, while others may need it periodically if they have chronic illnesses like kidney or liver disease.
Does This Test Have Any Risks?
The blood draw is generally safe but may cause mild discomfort or bruising. Rarely, there could be a slight reaction at the injection site or signs of infection at the needle site, though serious complications are uncommon.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy