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White Blood Cell Differential with Absolute Counts (Urinalysis)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the types and amounts of white blood cells in your urine, which can help identify infections or inflammation in your urinary tract.

Quick summary

["Urinalysis WBC differential helps spot urinary tract infections or other kidney/bladder issues early."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
5821-4
Short code
WBC #/area UrnS HPF
Synonyms
WBC #/area UrnS HPF
Category
chemistry
Sample
urine
Container
Sterile urine container
Units
N/A
Ref low
4.5
Ref high
11
Critical range
2 N/A – 30 N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
microscopy-light-hpf
CPT
85004
SNOMED
900000000000003002
Specimen volume
10 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 2h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
0
Lipemia max
0
Icterus max
0
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Matters

White blood cells in urine are usually not present unless there’s an infection, inflammation, or another issue affecting your urinary system. Detecting them early can guide treatment for conditions like cystitis or kidney disease.

What to Expect Before the Test

You may be asked to collect a midstream urine sample (clean-catch) or a sterile sample depending on your doctor’s instructions. Avoid using personal hygiene products before testing to ensure accurate results.

What the Results Mean

The test looks at different types of white blood cells (neutrophils, lymphocytes, etc.) and their counts. Elevated levels of certain cells may indicate specific infections or systemic conditions.

Common Conditions This Test Helps Diagnose

Urinary tract infections (UTIs), kidney inflammation, interstitial cystitis, or rare blood disorders that affect white blood cell function may show up on this test.

Reference range

Adult: 4.5-11.0 x 10^9/LN/A

Specimen: urine

No special preparation required. Stay well hydrated.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

WBC Differential Urine

Frequently asked questions

What does a positive result mean for my health?
A positive result (presence of white blood cells) suggests an infection or inflammation in your urinary system. Your doctor will discuss next steps, which may include antibiotics, lifestyle changes, or further testing.
Can I drink water before this test?
Yes, but avoid excessive fluids right before testing. Follow your healthcare provider’s specific instructions for timing and sample collection.
Does this test hurt?
No, this is a non-invasive test. You simply collect a urine sample, either at home or in a lab, so there’s no discomfort.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy