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Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood serum using electrophoresis, a method that separates proteins based on size and charge.

Quick summary

["Helps identify abnormal protein patterns that may signal conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or other disorders."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
53518-7
Short code
WBC # Dial fld
Synonyms
WBC # Dial fld
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Ref low
4.5
Ref high
11
Critical range
2 N/A – 30 N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
CPT
85004
SNOMED
900000000000003002
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What This Test Measures

Electrophoresis separates blood proteins into bands, each representing distinct protein groups (e.g., albumin, globulins). The qualitative result describes the relative distribution and presence of these bands, not exact quantities.

Why It’s Done

Your doctor may order this test to investigate symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, swelling, or signs of organ dysfunction. It’s also used to monitor conditions affecting protein production or storage.

Preparation

No special preparation is needed. You may eat or drink normally before the test. Bring any medications or questions to your healthcare provider.

What to Expect

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The process takes a few minutes, and you may feel slight discomfort. The sample is sent to a lab for analysis.

Reference range

Adult: 4.5-11.0 x 10^9/LN/A

Specimen: serum

No special preparation required. Stay well hydrated.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

Serum Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

Abnormal patterns may indicate conditions such as multiple myeloma (excess monoclonal proteins), liver disease (altered albumin/globulin ratios), or inflammatory disorders (elevated acute-phase proteins).
The test doesn’t provide specific numeric values for each protein band, so results are described qualitatively (e.g., ‘normal,’ ‘increased,’ or ‘decreased’ bands).
How long will I wait for results?
Results are typically available within 1–3 business days, depending on lab processing times. Follow up with your doctor to discuss findings.
Can I fast before this test?
No fasting is required for this test. However, inform your doctor about any medications you’re taking, as some may affect protein levels.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy