Serum or plasma protein electrophoresis (bromocresol purple method)
This test measures the distribution of different protein types in your blood, separated by size and charge. It helps identify abnormalities in protein levels that may indicate conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or kidney problems.
["This test helps doctors spot unusual protein patterns that could signal serious health concerns."]
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 66768-3
- Short code
- WBC nRBC cor # BldCo
- Synonyms
- WBC nRBC cor # BldCo
- Category
- chemistry
- Sample
- whole-blood
- Container
- Lavender-top (EDTA)
- Units
- N/A
- Ref low
- 4.5
- Ref high
- 11
- Critical range
- 2 N/A – 30 N/A
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- CPT
- 85004
- SNOMED
- 900000000000003002
- Specimen volume
- 3 mL
- Stability
- Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h
- Hemolysis max
- 0
- Lipemia max
- 0
- Icterus max
- 0
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
What Proteins Does This Test Measure?
Electrophoresis separates blood proteins into five main zones: albumin, alpha-1 globulins, alpha-2 globulins, beta globulins, and gamma globulins (including immunoglobulins). Each zone contains proteins with distinct roles, such as transport, immune function, or structural support.
Why Is This Test Ordered?
Doctors may recommend this test if you have symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, swelling, or if they suspect conditions like multiple myeloma, lymphoma, liver disease, or kidney disease. It can also help monitor treatment progress for certain conditions.
How Is the Test Performed?
A small blood sample is drawn from your arm. The serum or plasma is then placed in a gel and subjected to an electric current, causing proteins to migrate toward the opposite charge. After separation, the proteins are stained to visualize bands representing different protein types.
What Are Common Findings?
Abnormal patterns may include: - **Monoclonal spikes** (e.g., M-protein) in the gamma zone, often seen in multiple myeloma. - **Reduced albumin** levels, which can indicate liver or kidney disease. - **Increased alpha-2 or beta globulins**, which may signal inflammation, infection, or metabolic disorders.
Reference range
Adult: 4.5-11.0 x 10^9/LN/A
No special preparation required. Stay well hydrated.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
Clinical Significance: This test is critical for diagnosing and managing conditions affecting protein synthesis, distribution, or breakdown. For example, a monoclonal spike in electrophoresis is a hallmark of multiple myeloma, guiding treatment decisions. Abnormalities in albumin or other globulins can reflect underlying organ dysfunction or immune system disorders, prompting further investigation.
Short name
Protein Electrophoresis
Frequently asked questions
What does a ‘protein spike’ on my electrophoresis test mean?
Why might my doctor order this test if I don’t have obvious symptoms?
Can lifestyle changes affect my protein electrophoresis results?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy