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White Blood Cell Count (with Differential Analysis)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the number of white blood cells in your blood, which helps identify infections, inflammation, or other immune system issues.

Quick summary

["Your doctor may order this test to check for infections, immune disorders, or other health concerns affecting your white blood cells."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
30405-5
Short code
WBC # Ur
Synonyms
WBC # Ur
Category
chemistry
Sample
urine
Container
Sterile urine container
Units
N/A
Ref low
4.5
Ref high
11
Critical range
2 N/A – 30 N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
CPT
85004
SNOMED
900000000000003002
Specimen volume
10 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 2h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
0
Lipemia max
0
Icterus max
0
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Doctors often request a white blood cell count to diagnose or monitor conditions like infections (such as bacterial or viral), autoimmune diseases, or blood disorders. It may also be used during cancer treatments to track immune response or side effects.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. You may have a small needle inserted into your arm or hand to draw blood. If you’re nervous, let your healthcare provider know—they can help make the process more comfortable.

What the Results Mean

Results show the total number of white blood cells and their types (neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils). Abnormal counts can signal infections, allergies, or other health issues. Your doctor will compare these results to your symptoms and medical history.

Common Conditions Linked to Abnormal Results

High white blood cell counts (leukocytosis) may indicate infections, inflammation, or stress. Low counts (leukopenia) could suggest immune suppression, certain medications, or blood disorders. Your doctor will interpret results in the context of your overall health.

Reference range

Adult: 4.5-11.0 x 10^9/LN/A

Specimen: urine

No special preparation required. Stay well hydrated.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

WBC Count

Frequently asked questions

How long does it take to get my results?
Results are typically available within 1–2 business days, depending on your lab. Follow-up with your doctor if you have questions or concerns about your results.
Can I eat or drink before this test?
You can eat and drink normally unless your doctor specifies otherwise. Avoid alcohol before the test if it may affect your blood count.
What if my white blood cell count is outside the normal range?
If your results are abnormal, your doctor will discuss possible causes and next steps, such as additional tests or treatments tailored to your situation.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy