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Total White Blood Cell Count (WBC) with Differential Analysis

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the total number of white blood cells in your blood and may include a breakdown of different types (differential count).

Quick summary

["Your doctor may use this test to check for infections, inflammation, or other health issues."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
42594-2
Short code
White Ash IgE/IgE total %
Synonyms
White Ash IgE/IgE total %
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Doctors order a total white blood cell count to diagnose or monitor conditions like infections (e.g., bacterial or viral), autoimmune diseases, or blood disorders. It can also help assess how your body is responding to treatments.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. You may have a small needle inserted into your arm or hand to draw blood. If you’re concerned about needles, let your healthcare provider know.

What the Results Mean

Results show your total WBC count and, if included, the proportions of different white blood cell types (neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils). Abnormal counts may signal infections, immune disorders, or other health concerns.

Common Conditions Monitored

This test helps identify infections (e.g., pneumonia, urinary tract infections), chronic illnesses (e.g., leukemia, lymphoma), or reactions to treatments like chemotherapy.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical significance: Elevated WBC counts may indicate infection, inflammation, or stress, while very low counts can signal immune suppression or bone marrow disorders. Differential analysis helps pinpoint the type of white blood cells involved, guiding treatment decisions.

Short name

WBC Count

Frequently asked questions

What causes a high or low white blood cell count?
High counts can result from infections, stress, or certain medications. Low counts may occur due to immune disorders, chemotherapy, or infections that damage bone marrow.
How often should I get this test?
Frequency depends on your health condition. Doctors may recommend regular checks if you have chronic illnesses, undergo treatments, or are at higher risk for infections.
Can diet or lifestyle affect my WBC count?
While diet and lifestyle can influence overall health, they typically don’t directly alter WBC counts. Focus on maintaining good hygiene and staying hydrated to support immune function.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy