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Serum or Plasma Electrophoresis (Total Protein and Albumin Fraction)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood, including total protein and the proportion of albumin, to help identify abnormalities in protein distribution.

Quick summary

["Helps detect conditions affecting protein balance, such as liver disease or kidney problems."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
7301-5
Short code
White Elm BasoBnd Ab Qn
Synonyms
White Elm BasoBnd Ab Qn
Category
chemistry
Sample
whole-blood
Container
Lavender-top (EDTA)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
lhr
Specimen volume
3 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h
Hemolysis max
0
Lipemia max
0
Icterus max
0
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Your healthcare provider may order this test to investigate symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, swelling, or changes in skin appearance. It can also be used to monitor conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or kidney disease, where protein levels or patterns may differ from normal.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed, but you may be asked to fast for 8–12 hours before the test if serum/plasma is required. Bring any medications you’re taking to your appointment.

How the Test Is Performed

A blood sample is drawn from a vein in your arm. The blood is placed in a tube and sent to a lab, where it is separated into components. Electrophoresis separates proteins based on size and charge, allowing for detailed analysis of their distribution.

What the Results Mean

Results show total protein levels and the relative amounts of albumin and other proteins (e.g., globulins). Abnormal patterns may indicate conditions like hypoalbuminemia, multiple myeloma, or inflammatory diseases. Your provider will interpret results in the context of your symptoms and medical history.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

What might cause abnormal results?
Abnormal protein electrophoresis can signal conditions like liver disease (reduced albumin), kidney disease (proteinuria), multiple myeloma (monoclonal spikes), or chronic infections/inflammations (increased globulins). Always discuss results with your provider, as they’ll tailor interpretation to your health needs.
How often should I get this test?
Frequency depends on your condition. If you have a chronic illness (e.g., kidney/liver disease), your provider may order this test periodically to monitor progress. For routine checks, it’s rarely needed unless symptoms arise.
Can I eat or drink before this test?
For serum/plasma tests, fasting for 8–12 hours is often recommended. For whole blood or other specimens, no fasting is required. Always follow your provider’s specific instructions.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy