Serum/plasma Electrophoresis with Bromocresol Green (BCG) Dye Binding Assay for Protein Fractionation

What This Test Measures

Electrophoresis separates blood proteins based on size and charge, allowing doctors to detect shifts in protein levels. The Bromocresol Green (BCG) method binds to specific protein fractions, helping quantify their concentrations. This process helps distinguish between normal and abnormal protein distributions, such as those seen in conditions like multiple myeloma or liver disease.

Why It’s Done

Your doctor may order this test if you have symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, swelling, or if tests suggest protein abnormalities in your blood. It’s also used in monitoring conditions like chronic kidney disease or certain cancers.

Sample Collection and Preparation

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, typically in the arm. The sample is then processed to separate serum or plasma, where proteins are analyzed using electrophoresis. The BCG dye binds to protein fractions, creating measurable bands that indicate protein concentration levels.

Common Conditions Monitored

This test helps diagnose or monitor conditions like multiple myeloma (a blood cancer), liver disease, kidney disease, or certain autoimmune disorders. It can also assess protein malnutrition or detect hidden protein loss.