Serum or Plasma Total Protein with Albumin and Globulin Fractionation (Electrophoresis)
This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood, including albumin and various globulin proteins, using an electrophoresis method. It helps assess protein balance and identify potential abnormalities.
["This test helps evaluate protein distribution and detect conditions affecting blood protein levels."]
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 41831-9
- Short code
- XR port Ribs-L Views
- Synonyms
- XR port Ribs-L Views
- Category
- chemistry
- Sample
- serum
- Container
- Red-top tube (SST)
- Units
- N/A
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- Method
- xr-portable
- Specimen volume
- 5 mL
- Stability
- Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
- Hemolysis max
- 500
- Lipemia max
- 1000
- Icterus max
- 500
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
Why This Test Is Done
Your healthcare provider may order this test to check for conditions like kidney disease, liver problems, infections, or certain blood disorders. It can also help diagnose or monitor diseases such as multiple myeloma, lymphoma, or autoimmune diseases. Sometimes, it’s used to screen for genetic disorders or to monitor treatment progress.
What to Expect Before the Test
No special preparation is needed. You may have a small needle inserted into your arm to draw blood. If you’re having a urine test, you’ll collect a sample at home or in a clinic. Always follow your provider’s instructions for fasting or other preparations if specified.
What the Test Results Mean
The test separates proteins into bands based on size and charge. Albumin appears near the left (anode) side, while globulins (including alpha, beta, and gamma fractions) appear on the right. Abnormal patterns may indicate conditions like protein loss, overproduction of certain proteins, or immune system issues.
Common Conditions Monitored
High or low protein levels can signal kidney disease (e.g., nephrotic syndrome), liver disease, infections, or inflammatory conditions. Gamma globulin spikes may suggest autoimmune diseases or immune system disorders, while albumin drops can indicate malnutrition or severe illness.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
Abnormal protein electrophoresis results can guide diagnosis and treatment. For example, a high gamma globulin fraction may point to monoclonal gammopathy (e.g., multiple myeloma), while a skewed albumin-to-globulin ratio could indicate chronic inflammation or liver disease. Always discuss results with your healthcare provider for personalized interpretation.
Short name
Protein Electrophoresis
Frequently asked questions
What does an abnormal electrophoresis test indicate?
How long does it take to get test results?
Can I eat or drink before this test?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy