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Urinalysis with Microscopic Examination for Red Blood Cells (RBCs) and White Blood Cells (WBCs)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test checks your urine under a microscope to look for red or white blood cells, which may indicate infections, bleeding, or other health issues.

Quick summary

["Spotting blood or infection in your urine can signal underlying problems that need attention."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
93148-5
Short code
XR Ulna Bone dev stage
Synonyms
XR Ulna Bone dev stage
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
xr
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Doctors may order this test to diagnose or monitor conditions like urinary tract infections, kidney disease, bladder issues, or blood disorders. It can also help check for kidney damage or other urinary system problems.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. You’ll provide a urine sample, typically collected in the morning. Avoid using strong perfumes, lotions, or deodorants in your genital area before testing.

What Happens During the Test

Your urine sample is examined under a microscope to count and identify red blood cells and white blood cells. The test may also check for casts, crystals, or other abnormalities.

Possible Results and Their Meaning

High numbers of red or white blood cells in urine can mean infections, inflammation, or bleeding. Low levels may not indicate a problem unless symptoms like pain or frequent urination are present.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Microscopic Urine Exam (RBC/WBC)

Frequently asked questions

What causes red blood cells in urine?
Red blood cells in urine can come from urinary tract infections, kidney stones, kidney disease, or trauma to the urinary system. Women may also experience temporary spotting due to menstrual cycles or vaginal irritation.
What does it mean if white blood cells are found?
White blood cells in urine often signal a urinary tract infection (UTI), kidney infection, or inflammation. They can also appear with kidney disease or other infections in the urinary system.
How often should I get this test?
Your doctor will determine how often you need this test based on your symptoms, medical history, and overall health. Regular check-ups or follow-ups may include this test if you have recurring issues.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy