Cycloserine
Cycloserine is a second-line antibiotic used primarily to treat tuberculosis when first-line medications are ineffective or contraindicated. It works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, making it effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This medication is typically reserved for drug-resistant cases of TB and requires careful monitoring due to potential neurological side effects.
Cycloserine is a second-line tuberculosis antibiotic used for drug-resistant cases when standard treatments cannot be used.
Key facts at a glance
- ATC
- J04AB01
- RxNorm
- 3007
- Generic
- Cycloserine
- Class
- atc-j04
- Brands
- Seromycin
- Availability
- rx
- Lactation
- unknown
- Routes
- oral
- Forms
- capsule
- Regions
- US, EU, CN, JP
- Monitoring
- —
This page is for informational purposes only.
Do not use this information to diagnose yourself or to replace a physician's advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any medication. If you believe you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.
Cycloserine is used to treat pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains that are resistant to first-line drugs like isoniazid and rifampin. It may also be used for other mycobacterial infections when appropriate.
Cycloserine inhibits two bacterial enzymes essential for cell wall synthesis: alanine racemase and D-alanine ligase. By blocking these enzymes, it prevents the formation of the bacterial cell wall, leading to bacterial cell death.
Cycloserine should be used with caution in patients with epilepsy, depression, or kidney disease due to potential CNS effects including seizures, anxiety, and depression. Alcohol should be avoided during treatment. Regular monitoring of blood levels, renal function, and neurological status is recommended during therapy.
Official drug label
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This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 25, 2026. · Read our editorial policy