Dimethyl Fumarate
Dimethyl fumarate is an oral immunosuppressant medication primarily used to treat relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis. It is thought to work by activating the Nrf2 pathway, which helps protect cells from oxidative stress and inflammatory damage. This medication is typically prescribed to reduce the frequency of relapses and slow disease progression in patients with MS.
Dimethyl fumarate is an oral MS medication that activates protective cellular pathways to reduce disease activity and relapses.
Key facts at a glance
- ATC
- L04AX07
- RxNorm
- 1373478
- Generic
- Dimethyl Fumarate
- Class
- atc-l04
- Brands
- Tecfidera
- Availability
- rx
- Lactation
- unknown
- Routes
- oral
- Forms
- capsule
- Regions
- US, EU, CN, JP
- Monitoring
- —
This page is for informational purposes only.
Do not use this information to diagnose yourself or to replace a physician's advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any medication. If you believe you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.
Dimethyl fumarate is indicated for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), the most common form of MS characterized by episodes of new or worsening symptoms followed by periods of recovery. It may also be used in other forms of relapsing MS.
The exact mechanism is not fully understood, but dimethyl fumarate and its active metabolite monomethyl fumarate (MMF) activate the Nrf2 (Nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2) pathway. This activation helps cells upregulate antioxidant responses and may modulate immune system function, reducing the inflammatory processes that damage nerve fibers in MS.
Common side effects include flushing, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and nausea. It may cause a decrease in white blood cell count, so regular blood monitoring is recommended. Dimethyl fumarate should not be used in patients with known hypersensitivity and should be used cautiously during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Patients should report any signs of infection, as the medication may affect immune function.
Official drug label
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This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed July 26, 2026. · Read our editorial policy