Minoxidil
Minoxidil is a medication primarily used as a topical treatment for androgenetic alopecia (pattern hair loss) in both men and women. Originally developed as an oral antihypertensive agent, its topical formulation is now widely used to promote hair regrowth on the scalp.
Topical treatment for pattern hair loss that works by increasing blood flow to hair follicles to promote regrowth.
Key facts at a glance
- ATC
- C02CA03
- RxNorm
- unknown
- Generic
- Minoxidil
- Class
- atc-c02
- Brands
- Rogaine, Regoxidine
- Availability
- otc
- Pregnancy
- B
- Lactation
- caution
- Half-life (h)
- 4
- Onset (min)
- 0
- Duration (h)
- 0
- Routes
- topical, oral
- Forms
- solution, foam, spray, tablet
- Regions
- United States, Canada, United Kingdom, European Union countries, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, South Korea, many other countries worldwide
- Monitoring
- blood pressure
This page is for informational purposes only.
Do not use this information to diagnose yourself or to replace a physician's advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any medication. If you believe you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.
Topical treatment for androgenetic alopecia (male and female pattern hair loss), with some off-label use for eyebrow and beard hair growth. Oral minoxidil is sometimes used for severe, treatment-resistant hypertension.
Minoxidil is a potassium channel opener that causes vasodilation (widening of blood vessels). When applied topically, it increases blood flow to hair follicles, potentially extending the anagen (growth) phase of hair and enlarging miniaturized follicles.
Common side effects include scalp irritation, dryness, and itching. Unwanted facial hair growth may occur if the medication drips or runs onto the face. Oral minoxidil requires careful cardiovascular monitoring due to risks of fluid retention, tachycardia, and pericardial effusion. Results typically take 3-6 months to become visible, and discontinuation may lead to reversal of benefits.
Official drug label
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This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 25, 2026. · Read our editorial policy