Modafinil
Modafinil is a wakefulness-promoting agent prescribed to treat excessive daytime sleepiness associated with conditions such as narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnea, and shift work sleep disorder. Although its exact mechanism of action is not fully understood, it appears to work through catecholamine-containing neurons differently from traditional stimulants like amphetamines.
A prescription wakefulness-promoting medication used to treat sleep disorders that cause excessive daytime sleepiness.
Key facts at a glance
- ATC
- N06BA07
- RxNorm
- 30125
- Generic
- Modafinil
- Class
- atc-n06
- Brands
- Provigil
- Availability
- rx
- Pregnancy
- C
- Lactation
- caution
- Routes
- oral
- Forms
- tablet
- Regions
- US, EU, CN, JP
- Monitoring
- —
This page is for informational purposes only.
Do not use this information to diagnose yourself or to replace a physician's advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any medication. If you believe you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.
Modafinil is FDA-approved for treating excessive daytime sleepiness associated with narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnea (as adjunct therapy), and shift work sleep disorder. It is sometimes used off-label for fatigue related to conditions like multiple sclerosis or depression.
The exact mechanism is unknown, but modafinil promotes wakefulness through actions on catecholamine systems, particularly dopamine, though it differs pharmacologically from traditional sympathomimetic stimulants like amphetamine and methylphenidate.
Common side effects include headache, nausea, nervousness, and insomnia. Modafinil may reduce effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives and has potential for abuse; it should be used exactly as prescribed. Patients with cardiac conditions, history of substance abuse, or who are pregnant should discuss risks with their healthcare provider.
Official drug label
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This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed July 26, 2026. · Read our editorial policy