Ribavirin
Ribavirin is an antiviral medication primarily used to treat respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections, particularly in high-risk patients such as infants, young children, and immunocompromised individuals. While its exact mechanism of action remains unclear, it appears to work by interfering with viral RNA synthesis. Ribavirin has also been used in combination therapy for chronic hepatitis C and investigational settings for certain hemorrhagic fevers.
Ribavirin is an antiviral drug used mainly for treating RSV infections in vulnerable populations and certain other viral conditions.
This medication carries a boxed (black box) warning — the strongest type of FDA warning. Review the full prescribing information before use.
Key facts at a glance
- ATC
- J05AP01
- RxNorm
- 9344
- Generic
- Ribavirin
- Class
- atc-j05
- Brands
- Moderiba, Virazole, Ribasphere, RibaTab
- Availability
- rx
- Lactation
- unknown
- Routes
- oral
- Forms
- capsule, solution, tablet
- Regions
- US, EU, CN, JP
- Monitoring
- —
This page is for informational purposes only.
Do not use this information to diagnose yourself or to replace a physician's advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any medication. If you believe you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.
Ribavirin is indicated for the treatment of severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections, primarily in infants, young children, and immunocompromised patients. It has also been used off-label for chronic hepatitis C (in combination with other antivirals) and investigational treatment for hemorrhagic fevers such as Lassa fever.
Ribavirin exhibits selective inhibitory activity against RSV in cell cultures. Although the precise mechanism is unknown, evidence suggests it may act as a guanosine or xanthosine analogue, interfering with viral RNA synthesis and replication. The antiviral activity can be reversed by adding guanosine or xanthosine, supporting this hypothesis.
Ribavirin is highly teratogenic and contraindicated in pregnancy; adequate contraception is required during and after treatment. Common adverse effects include hemolytic anemia, fatigue, and nausea. It should be used cautiously in patients with cardiac disease, renal impairment, or pre-existing blood disorders. Close monitoring of hemoglobin and blood counts is recommended during therapy.
Official drug label
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This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed July 26, 2026. · Read our editorial policy