Ticarcillin

Ticarcillin is used to treat serious gram-negative bacterial infections including lower respiratory tract infections, complicated urinary tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, septicemia, bone and joint infections, and intra-abdominal infections. It is particularly valuable for hospital-acquired infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other resistant organisms when other antibiotics may be ineffective.

Ticarcillin works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), which are essential enzymes for building the bacterial cell wall. This binding prevents proper cross-linking of peptidoglycan chains, weakening the cell wall and ultimately causing bacterial cell death. The addition of clavulanic acid in combination products inhibits beta-lactamase enzymes that would otherwise break down the antibiotic.

Ticarcillin is administered intravenously only and requires monitoring of renal function, electrolytes (particularly potassium), and complete blood counts during prolonged therapy. It should not be used in patients with penicillin allergies due to risk of severe allergic reactions. Common side effects include diarrhea, rash, fever, and allergic reactions. Due to its broad spectrum, it may cause bacterial overgrowth or secondary infections including Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea.