Vidarabine
Vidarabine is an antiviral medication that was one of the first drugs developed to treat viral infections. It works by inhibiting viral DNA synthesis, thereby preventing the replication of certain herpesviruses. While historically used for herpes simplex and varicella-zoster infections, it has largely been replaced by newer, safer, and more effective antiviral agents.
An early antiviral medication for herpes infections, now largely superseded by modern alternatives.
Key facts at a glance
- ATC
- J05AB03
- RxNorm
- 11194
- Generic
- Vidarabine
- Class
- atc-j05
- Brands
- —
- Availability
- rx
- Lactation
- unknown
- Routes
- ophthalmic
- Forms
- ointment
- Regions
- US, EU, CN, JP
- Monitoring
- —
This page is for informational purposes only.
Do not use this information to diagnose yourself or to replace a physician's advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any medication. If you believe you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.
Primarily used for herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections, including herpes encephalitis and herpes keratitis, as well as varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infections. It has largely fallen out of routine clinical use due to the development of safer and more effective alternatives.
Vidarabine is converted to its active form (ara-ATP) inside cells, where it inhibits viral DNA polymerase. This prevents the replication of herpes simplex and varicella-zoster viruses by incorporating into viral DNA and causing chain termination.
Administered via intravenous injection for systemic infections or as an ophthalmic ointment for eye infections. Has been largely replaced by acyclovir due to acyclovir's superior efficacy and safety profile. May cause gastrointestinal side effects, liver abnormalities, and neurological symptoms with systemic use.
Official drug label
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This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 20, 2026. · Read our editorial policy