Sodium Oxybate
Xyrem (sodium oxybate) is a prescription medication used to treat narcolepsy, specifically addressing both excessive daytime sleepiness and cataplexy (sudden loss of muscle tone triggered by emotions). It is the pharmaceutical formulation of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) and works as a central nervous system depressant, taken in two nightly doses to help regulate sleep patterns.
Xyrem is a controlled substance medication for narcolepsy that reduces excessive sleepiness and cataplexy by acting on the central nervous system.
Key facts at a glance
- RxNorm
- 353098
- Generic
- Xyrem
- Class
- brand-name
- Brands
- —
- Availability
- rx
- Lactation
- unknown
- Routes
- —
- Forms
- —
- Regions
- US, EU, CN, JP
- Monitoring
- —
This page is for informational purposes only.
Do not use this information to diagnose yourself or to replace a physician's advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any medication. If you believe you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.
Xyrem is FDA-approved for treating excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and cataplexy in patients with narcolepsy. It is specifically indicated for Narcolepsy Type 1 (with cataplexy) and Narcolepsy Type 2 (without cataplexy).
Sodium oxybate is a CNS depressant that is believed to act on GABA-B receptors. While the exact mechanism for treating narcolepsy symptoms is not fully understood, it is thought to promote deep sleep and reduce cataplexy episodes, possibly through effects on sleep-wake regulation and neurotransmitter systems.
Xyrem is a Schedule III controlled substance with a boxed warning for serious CNS depression and abuse potential. It must be obtained through a restricted distribution program (REMS). Common side effects include nausea, dizziness, headache, and bed-wetting. Patients must not use alcohol or other CNS depressants with Xyrem. Due to its high sodium content, patients on sodium-restricted diets should use caution. Initial doses are given at bedtime with a second dose 2.5 to 4 hours later.
Official drug label
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This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 24, 2026. · Read our editorial policy