Intermediate Shoulder Post-Fracture Rehabilitation
A 23-week intermediate program using back braces, ankle braces, and bosu balls to aid in the recovery process.
Professional rehabilitation program designed for effective recovery and pain management.
Key facts at a glance
- Body part
- upper-limb · shoulder
- Injury type
- post-fracture
- Level
- intermediate
- Duration
- 23
- Sessions/week
- 3
- Minutes/session
- 60
- Evidence level
- moderate
- ICD-10
- S42
- Cost tier
- moderate
Program Overview
This intermediate shoulder rehabilitation program is designed for people recovering from a shoulder fracture who have already had their injury stabilized and assessed by a clinician. Over 23 weeks, with three sessions per week of about 60 minutes each, the goal is to gradually restore movement, strength, and everyday function in a safe, structured way. Timing of progression always depends on how your shoulder responds, not just the calendar.
Before You Start
This plan is meant to be followed with supervision from your physical therapist or doctor. Do not start if your fracture fixation is unstable or if you have severe pain, as these are reasons to pause and check with your clinician first. Always warm up before exercise and keep your spine in a neutral, comfortable position. Stop and contact your clinician if pain sharply increases, you feel new weakness or numbness, swelling worsens, or you cannot bear weight or move the arm as expected.
Weekly Structure
The plan runs 23 weeks with three sessions per week, each about an hour, using a back brace, ankle brace, and bosu ball as supportive tools. It moves through four broad phases: protection and pain control first, then early range of motion, then progressive range of motion, and finally strengthening. Each phase has goals your clinician checks before you move on, so progress is based on your shoulder's readiness.
What a Typical Session Looks Like
Each session follows a warm-up, main work, and cool-down pattern. The warm-up uses gentle movement and, where appropriate, hydrotherapy to help the arm move with less effort. The main work combines your prescribed exercises with the bosu ball for balance and control, while the braces support safe positioning. Cool-down includes slow, easy movement and stretches. Modalities such as low-level laser, ultrasound, TENS, and shockwave are applied by your clinician when appropriate.
Tracking Progress
Your clinician uses the phase progression criteria, such as pain levels, measured range of motion, and strength, to decide when you are ready for the next phase. Outcome measures including the ASES, Constant-Murley Score, Simple Shoulder Test, pain scale, goniometry, and hand-held dynamometry are repeated over time to track change objectively. These guide decisions rather than fixed timelines, so some people move faster or slower.
Recovery and Self-Care
Manage pain sensibly by pacing activity and resting when needed, and follow your clinician's guidance on any pain relief. Avoid pushing through sharp or worsening pain. Seek urgent care for sudden severe pain, new deformity, fever, or loss of feeling in the arm. Keep your follow-up appointments so healing and progress can be monitored.
Recovery phases
Pain at rest less than 3/10 on VAS scale,Glenohumeral joint swelling minimal or absent,Passive forward flexion to 45 degrees without pain,Passive external rotation at 0 degrees abduction to 10 degrees,Ability to tolerate gentle scapular stabilization exercises,Fracture site shows signs of early healing on imaging
→ Advance to: Phase 2
Pain less than 2/10 with passive forward flexion to 90 degrees,Passive external rotation at 0 degrees abduction to 30 degrees,Passive abduction to 90 degrees in scapular plane,glenohumeral joint capsule showing increased mobility,Minimal pain with glenohumeral inferior glide mobilization,Passive glenohumeral external rotation at 90 degrees abduction to 20 degrees
→ Advance to: Phase 3
Full passive forward flexion to 160 degrees,Passive external rotation at 90 degrees abduction to 45 degrees,Full passive abduction to 170 degrees,Passive glenohumeral internal rotation to 70 degrees,Sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joint mobility normal,Scapular upward rotation during forward flexion to 50 degrees
→ Advance to: Phase 4
Full passive and active assisted range of motion,Rotator cuff strength grade 4/5 for supraspinatus and infraspinatus,External rotation strength at 90 degrees abduction grade 4/5,Scapular stabilization with proper scapulohumeral rhythm,Biceps tendon resistance testing with minimal discomfort,Subscapularis lift-off test negative or near-normal
→ Advance to: Phase 5
Rotator cuff strength grade 5/5 in external rotation at 90 degrees abduction,Internal rotation strength equal to contralateral side,Scapular control during loaded elevation movements,Biceps tendon load testing with full resistance without pain,Functional reaching tasks completed without compensation,glenohumeral joint proprioception within 2 degrees of contralateral side
→ Advance to: Phase 6
Full pain-free active range of motion in all planes,Isokinetic rotator cuff strength within 90 percent of contralateral side,Successful completion of sport or work-specific functional tasks,No compensatory scapular motion during overhead activities,Patient-reported outcome measures at pre-injury levels,AC joint stability confirmed with resisted abduction testing
→ Advance to: Discharge
Return to activity milestones
Pain-free basic activities of daily living
Week 6Scapulothoracic rhythm normalised: no winging on wall push-up
Light functional activities and conditioning
Week 10Elbow valgus and varus stability intact under varus and valgus stress
Moderate activity and sport-specific conditioning
Week 13Functional reach distance ≥ 30cm from trunk in all directions
Full return to sport, occupation, and recreation
Week 23No sign of shoulder impingement with resisted empty can test
Precautions
- warm-up-before
- maintain-neutral-spine
Contraindications
- unstable-fixation
- severe-pain
Pain management
- Cryotherapy with ice pack for 15-20 minutes post-exercise
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication as prescribed
- Gentle joint mobilizations within pain-free range
- Neuromuscular electrical stimulation for rotator cuff activation
- Positioning and ergonomic education to avoid impingement positions
Equipment & modalities
Frequently asked questions
How much pain is acceptable during exercise?
Do I need all the equipment and machines?
What if I miss sessions or progress slowly?
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed October 6, 2026. · Read our editorial policy