Beginner Shoulder Tendon Repair Rehabilitation
A 14-week beginner program using balance boards, and balance pads to aid in the recovery process.
Professional rehabilitation program designed for effective recovery and pain management.
Key facts at a glance
- Body part
- upper-limb · shoulder
- Injury type
- tendon-repair
- Level
- beginner
- Duration
- 14
- Sessions/week
- 2
- Minutes/session
- 45
- Evidence level
- moderate
- ICD-10
- S42
- Cost tier
- moderate
Program Overview This is a 14-week, beginner-level rehabilitation guide for someone recovering from a shoulder tendon repair. It uses simple, supported movements to help you regain comfort, motion, and strength gradually. Sessions run twice a week for about 45 minutes each. Some balance boards and balance pads are used for light stability work. The plan moves through four gentle phases over the 14 weeks. The overall goal is to restore useful shoulder function safely, one step at a time, with your clinician guiding the pace.
Who This Is For and the Goal This program suits adults who have had a shoulder tendon repair and are starting rehabilitation at a beginner level, under clinician supervision. It is designed to protect the healing repair while gently rebuilding movement, control, and strength. The goal is not speed but steady, safe progress. You will work on pain control, protected motion, scapular (shoulder blade) control, and graded strengthening. Your therapist will adjust the plan to your body, your surgery, and how you respond. Always follow your surgeon's and therapist's specific instructions over this general guide.
Before You Start Please review this plan with your treating clinician before beginning. It is a general guide, not a personalized prescription. Some movements may not be right for you yet.
Safety Notes and When to Stop Your clinician has flagged that you should not push into ranges of motion that have not been assessed and cleared yet, so let your therapist guide how far to move. Keep your spine in a neutral, comfortable position during exercises. Stop any activity if your pain increases, and tell your clinician. Seek urgent care for sudden severe pain, new weakness, swelling, fever, chest pain, or shortness of breath. These are general safety points; your clinician will give you specific guidance for your situation.
Weekly Structure Plan for two sessions each week, roughly 45 minutes per session, across 14 weeks. Keep the same days where possible so your body adapts steadily. Balance boards and balance pads are tools for light stability work later in the plan. Expect the early weeks to focus on comfort and gentle motion, with strength and challenge added only as you meet your clinician's checkpoints. If a session leaves you more sore than usual, mention it before the next one.
How the 14 Weeks Are Organized The plan has four phases. Phase I (around week 2) is protected, gentle motion. Phase II (around week 4) adds early active movement. Phase III (around week 8) introduces strengthening. Phase IV (around week 12) moves to advanced strengthening and control. You only move to the next phase when your clinician confirms you meet the readiness checkpoints. The balance equipment is used mainly in the later phases for control and stability. Timing is a guide, not a deadline.
What a Typical Session Looks Like Each session follows a simple pattern: warm-up, main work, and cool-down. Your therapist may add hands-on techniques such as gentle joint mobilization, soft tissue work, ultrasound, or taping, and aquatic therapy if available. The structure below is a general template your clinician can adapt.
Warm-Up, Main Work, Cool-Down Start with a gentle warm-up, such as relaxed shoulder-blade setting and easy pendulum-style motion your therapist approves. The main work includes the phase-appropriate motion and strengthening exercises, plus any hands-on techniques your clinician provides. Later phases may add balance-board or balance-pad work for light stability, only once cleared. Finish with a calm cool-down of gentle stretching and breathing. Keep all movement comfortable and within the ranges your clinician has assessed. Stop if pain increases.
Tracking Progress Keep a simple log of your sessions, noting pain levels, what felt easier or harder, and any new symptoms. Your clinician will use standardized measures such as the SPADI and ASES questionnaires, range-of-motion measurements, strength testing, shoulder-blade symmetry checks, and your own Patient-Specific Functional Scale goals. These track how you are improving over time and help decide when to progress.
How Progression Works You move between phases only when your clinician confirms you meet the readiness checkpoints for that phase, such as comfortable motion ranges and pain-free controlled muscle contractions. The outcome measures above give an objective picture of your progress alongside your daily experience. Do not rush ahead on your own, even if you feel ready; the checkpoints protect the healing tendon. Your clinician will interpret results and adjust the plan.
Recovery and Self-Care Recovery takes time, and rest between sessions matters. Follow your clinician's guidance on activity modification, sleep positioning, and any home exercises. Keep your spine comfortable and avoid positions your therapist has asked you to avoid. Ask before returning to lifting, overhead work, or sport. Patience and consistency usually serve you better than pushing hard.
Pain Management and Red Flags Mild, temporary soreness can be normal, but stop if pain increases during or after exercise and report it. Do not add medications or decide on pain relief on your own; ask your clinician or pharmacist. Seek urgent care for sudden severe pain, new or worsening weakness, significant swelling, fever, chest pain, or shortness of breath. These general cautions do not replace your clinician's specific advice.
Recovery phases
Pain at rest ≤2/10 on visual analog scale,Passive glenohumeral forward flexion to 90 degrees achieved without substitution patterns,Passive external rotation at 0° abduction ≤30 degrees tolerated,Active scapular stabilization with minimal substitution (no scapular winging),Tolerance of passive glenohumeral joint mobilizations (Grade I-II),Biceps tendon irritation symptoms controlled with activity modification
→ Advance to: Phase II - Early Motion
Passive glenohumeral forward flexion to 120 degrees achieved,Passive external rotation at 90° abduction ≥45 degrees,Active range of motion: external rotation at side ≥30 degrees,Rotator cuff isometric contractions pain-free (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis),Scapular control during active-assisted shoulder elevation (scapular plane elevation),Labral repair protection: no valgus stress activities, no combined extension/external rotation
→ Advance to: Phase III - Strengthening
Active glenohumeral forward flexion to 160 degrees,Active external rotation at 90° abduction ≥60 degrees,Rotator cuff isotonic strengthening tolerated (2 kg maximum for supraspinatus/infraspinatus),Scapular stabilization exercises: prone shoulder extension, sidelying external rotation with scapular squeeze,Biceps tendon loading progressed to resistance bands without pain,AC joint asymptomatic during all horizontal adduction activities
→ Advance to: Phase IV - Advanced Strengthening
Full active range of motion achieved (forward flexion 180°, external rotation 90°, internal rotation 70°),Rotator cuff strengthening at 50% capacity (3-4 kg for supraspinatus/infraspinatus),Proprioceptive training: weight-bearing through affected upper limb in protected positions,Biceps tendon: resisted elbow flexion and supination at 75% capacity tolerated,Scapular dyskinesis corrected during functional movement patterns,Glenohumeral joint stability maintained during perturbation training
→ Advance to: Phase V - Return to Activity
Full pain-free active range of motion matching contralateral side,Rotator cuff strength ≥80% of contralateral side ( handheld dynamometry),Endurance testing: prone scapular stabilization hold ≥60 seconds,Functional return to light activity tolerance without symptom recurrence,Patient-reported outcome measures showing improvement ≥minimal clinically important difference,AC joint: asymptatic during heavy lifting or overhead activities
→ Advance to: Discharge to independent maintenance
Return to activity milestones
Pain-free basic activities of daily living
Week 4Patient adherence to home exercise programme ≥ 5 days per week
Light functional activities and conditioning
Week 6Able to perform light overhead reaching for objects at eye level
Moderate activity and sport-specific conditioning
Week 8Grip strength ≥ 50% of unaffected side on dynamometry
Full return to sport, occupation, and recreation
Week 14Patient reports ≥ 30% improvement in upper limb functional score
Precautions
- stop-if-pain-increases
- maintain-neutral-spine
Contraindications
- limited-range-before-assessment
Pain management
- Cryotherapy (ice pack for 15-20 minutes post-exercise)
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication as prescribed
- Gentle soft tissue mobilization to pectoralis minor and upper trapezius
- Positioning and activity modification to avoid impingement positions
- Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) to rotator cuff if needed
Equipment & modalities
Frequently asked questions
How much soreness is normal after a session?
Can I do extra sessions or exercises at home?
Why do I need balance equipment for a shoulder program?
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed October 6, 2026. · Read our editorial policy