Skip to content

Alpha-1 Antitrypsin, Serum/Plasma — Qualitative Immunoelectrophoresis

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This blood test examines the pattern of alpha-1 antitrypsin protein to help identify inherited variants, including those associated with low levels.

Quick summary

["This test can help determine whether a hereditary alpha-1 antitrypsin variant may be affecting your health."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
40603-3
Short code
A1AT SerPl Ql IEP
Synonyms
A1AT SerPl Ql IEP
Category
liver
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
immunoelectrophoresis
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What is this test?

Alpha-1 antitrypsin is a protein made by the liver that helps protect the lungs from inflammation. This test uses a blood sample to evaluate the pattern of the protein and may identify different inherited forms, sometimes called phenotypes or alleles.

Why might I need this test?

It may be ordered if you have unexplained chronic lung disease, liver disease, or a family history of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. It can also be used to investigate abnormal alpha-1 antitrypsin results or help assess a relative who may carry a related genetic variant.

How is the test performed?

A laboratory professional separates and analyzes the alpha-1 antitrypsin protein in your serum or plasma using immunoelectrophoresis. The resulting pattern is compared with known protein forms to help determine whether a variant is present.

How do I prepare for the test?

This test usually requires no special preparation. Tell your healthcare professional if you are pregnant, have recently received an infusion or blood product, or are taking medicines that could affect the protein pattern.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Test

Frequently asked questions

Does this test show how much alpha-1 antitrypsin is in my blood?
Not directly. This is a qualitative protein-pattern test; a separate quantitative alpha-1 antitrypsin test may be needed to measure the protein level.
Is alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency inherited?
Yes. It is usually inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, meaning a person may be a carrier or, when both gene copies are affected, have the deficiency.
Can I use this test alone to diagnose alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency?
No. A healthcare professional should interpret the result together with protein levels, genetic testing when needed, and your medical and family history.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy