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Understanding This Test: What It Is, How It's Done, and Why Your Doctor May Order It

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 10, 2026

This blood test detects antibodies that may attack the adrenal gland, helping diagnose autoimmune Addison's disease.

Quick summary

{"Measures IgG antibodies against adrenal cortex tissue","Helps diagnose autoimmune adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease)","Performed using immunofluorescence method on a blood sample","Positive results indicate the immune system may be damaging the adrenal glands","Often ordered along with cortisol and ACTH tests for complete assessment"}

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 10, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
74967-1
Short code
ADRENAL AB IFA
Synonyms
Adrenal cortex IgG Ser Ql IF
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Serum separator tube (SST) or red top plain tube
Units
N/A
Ref low
0
Ref high
10
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
≥ 18 years
Method
Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay (IFA)
CPT
86255
SNOMED
118612005
Specimen volume
1.0 mL serum minimum (2.0 mL preferred)
Stability
Room temperature: 24 hours; Refrigerated (2-8°C): 7 days; Frozen (-20°C or below): 30 days
Hemolysis max
50
Lipemia max
100
Icterus max
20
TAT
72–168 hours
Order
routine

What is this test and what information does it provide about my health?

The Adrenal Cortex Antibody test is a blood test that detects the presence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies directed against the adrenal cortex (the outer layer of the adrenal glands). The adrenal glands, located on top of each kidney, produce important hormones like cortisol and aldosterone that help regulate stress response, blood pressure, and metabolism.

How is this test performed, and what can I expect during the procedure?

A healthcare professional will draw a small blood sample from a vein in your arm. The sample is then sent to a laboratory where it is tested using immunofluorescence techniques. This method uses fluorescent dyes to detect and visualize specific antibodies in the blood.

Why is this test ordered, and what conditions might it help diagnose or monitor?

This test is primarily ordered when a healthcare provider suspects autoimmune adrenalitis (also known as autoimmune Addison's disease). Symptoms that might prompt testing include extreme fatigue, low blood pressure, weight loss, darkening of the skin, salt cravings, nausea, and vomiting. The test helps distinguish autoimmune causes from other causes of adrenal insufficiency, such as infections or genetic conditions.

Reference range

Negative: <1:10 titer; Equivocal: 1:10; Positive: >1:10N/A

Specimen: serum

No special preparation required. Patient may eat and drink normally before sample collection.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

A positive adrenal cortex antibody test indicates the presence of autoantibodies that target the adrenal cortex. This finding strongly suggests autoimmune adrenalitis, where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks and damages the adrenal glands. Early detection is important as it allows for timely treatment before complete adrenal failure occurs. The test may also be useful in monitoring patients with other autoimmune conditions (like type 1 diabetes or thyroid autoimmune diseases) who are at higher risk for developing adrenal autoimmunity. A negative result does not completely rule out Addison's disease, as some cases may be non-autoimmune in origin.

Frequently asked questions

Do I need to fast before this test?
No fasting is typically required for this test. However, always follow your healthcare provider's specific instructions.
Is this test painful?
You may feel a brief pinch or mild discomfort when the blood is drawn, but this is generally well-tolerated.
How long does it take to get results?
Results are usually available within a few days to a week, depending on the laboratory.
What do positive results mean?
Positive results suggest autoimmune adrenalitis. Your healthcare provider will likely order additional tests (such as cortisol, ACTH, and aldosterone levels) to confirm the diagnosis and assess adrenal function.
Can medications affect this test?
Certain immunosuppressive medications may affect antibody levels. Inform your healthcare provider about all medications and supplements you are taking.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus - Addison's DiseaseSource
  2. 2
    Mayo Clinic - Addison's DiseaseSource
  3. 3
    National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases - Adrenal Insufficiency & Addison's DiseaseSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 10, 2026. · Read our editorial policy