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Alpha-Fetoprotein, Serum — Mass Concentration

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

Measures the amount of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in blood. AFP can help evaluate certain liver conditions, pregnancy-related situations, and some tumors.

Quick summary

["An AFP blood test can provide information about liver disease, pregnancy, and certain cancers, but results must be interpreted with your other findings."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
19171-8
Short code
AFP Amn-aCnc
Synonyms
AFP Amn-aCnc
Category
liver
Sample
fluid
Container
Sterile tube
Units
N/A
Ref low
0
Ref high
10
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
CPT
82105
SNOMED
394971007
Specimen volume
2-5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 2h, Refrigerated: 24h
Hemolysis max
300
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What is this test?

This test measures the concentration of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), a protein made mainly by the developing liver and fetus, in your blood. AFP is also produced by some cancers.

Why might I need this test?

Your clinician may order AFP to help assess liver damage or chronic liver disease, investigate certain birth-defect concerns during pregnancy, or follow the response to treatment for a tumor that can produce AFP.

How is the test performed?

A blood sample is taken from a vein and analyzed in a laboratory using an immunoassay or another validated method. No special procedure is needed beyond the routine blood draw.

How do I prepare for the test?

Fasting is usually not required unless your clinician specifically requests it. Tell your clinician if you are pregnant, because pregnancy affects AFP levels and the way the result is interpreted.

Reference range

Normal: <10 ng/mLN/A

Specimen: fluid

No special preparation required. For PSA, avoid sexual activity for 24-48 hours before the test.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP), Serum

Frequently asked questions

Does an abnormal AFP level mean I have cancer?
No. AFP can be elevated for reasons other than cancer, including pregnancy and several types of liver disease. Additional testing is usually needed to determine the cause.
Why is AFP checked during pregnancy?
AFP from the mother’s blood can be used with ultrasound and other prenatal information to evaluate the risk of certain birth defects. Results are interpreted differently in pregnant patients.
Is fasting required for an AFP test?
Fasting is generally not required. Follow any specific instructions from your clinician or the testing laboratory.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy