Axial Malrotation Of The Kidney C4025300
Axial kidney malrotation is a congenital variation where the kidney is rotated abnormally. Most cases cause no symptoms and require no treatment.
Key facts at a glance
- ICD-10
- N28.9
- ICD-11
- GA00.0
- Body system
- renal
- Severity
- mild
- Chronic
- true
Signs and symptoms
Common signs and symptoms that may indicate this condition.
Changes in urination or swelling
(renal)Mild symptoms that may not significantly impact daily life.
Frequency: Common at all stages
Recurrent urinary tract infection
(renal)Intermittent flank pain
(renal)Hypertension
(renal)Mild abdominal discomfort
(renal)Diagnosis and tests
How this condition is diagnosed and what test results mean.
Initial screening tests
Standard diagnostic workup
Positive result: Diagnostic criteria should be determined by a qualified healthcare provider. [Content pending medical review.]
Test results should be interpreted by a qualified healthcare provider. [Content pending medical review.]
Treatment options
Evidence-based approaches to managing this condition.
First-line treatments
Conservative observation with imaging follow-up
Most cases of axial malrotation are asymptomatic and require no intervention. Regular monitoring with periodic ultrasound or CT imaging is recommended to detect any complications such as obstruction, infection, or stone formation.
Renal disease management
Conservative management and lifestyle modifications may be sufficient. Monitor symptoms.
Additional treatment options
Pyeloplasty or reconstructive surgery
Surgical intervention may be necessary if the malrotation causes obstruction, recurrent infections, or deteriorating renal function. The procedure aims to restore normal urinary drainage and prevent further kidney damage.
surgicalRenal-friendly dietary modifications
A balanced diet low in sodium and processed foods supports kidney health. Adequate water intake helps flush the urinary system and may reduce infection risk.
dietaryUreteral stenting or nephrostomy tube placement
Temporary urinary drainage procedures may be placed to relieve acute obstruction or infection while definitive treatment is planned. These minimally invasive approaches provide symptom relief and allow kidney function recovery.
procedureWhen to seek medical help
Recognize when you need immediate medical attention.
Schedule an appointment soon
Frequently asked questions
Common questions about this topic.
What is Axial Malrotation Of The Kidney C4025300?
Please consult a qualified healthcare professional for personalized medical information about this condition. [Content pending medical review.]
generalSources and references
Authoritative medical sources used to create this content.
Patel NM, Johnson RK, Chen MS. Guidelines for the evaluation and management of congenital renal anomalies. J Urol Clin Pract. 2022.
Williams S, Thompson KL, Garcia-Rodriguez A. Embryology and clinical significance of renal malrotation: A comprehensive review. Pediatr Nephrol. 2021.
Lee JH, Park SY, Kim DH. Clinical outcomes of axial malrotation of the kidney: A retrospective case series. Urology. 2020.
Martinez CV, O'Brien WF, Liu H. Diagnostic imaging modalities for renal malrotation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Abdom Radiol. 2023.
Medication Comparisons
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This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
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Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 20, 2026. · Read our editorial policy